Terms in this set (18) Information processing . tmjenner. Punishment must also be consistent and at the highest reasonable level (e.g., nurses who apologize and smile as they admonish the behavior of a staff member or client are sending mixed messages and are not likely to be taken seriously or to decrease the behavior they intend). New learning … Applying Learning Theories to Healthcare. Thus learning is often a social process, and other individuals, especially significant others, provide compelling examples or role models for how to think, feel, and act. Too often the desired response is conformity and cooperation to make someone’s job easier or more profitable. Write. Applying Learning Theories to Healthcare Practice Applying learning theories to healthcare practice encourages nurses to learn new information, to change their responses, attitudes, and behavior. Learning is. Behaviorist, cogni- tive, and social learning theories are most often applied to patient education as an aspect of pro- fessional nursing practice. In keeping with cognitive principles of learning, being mentally active when processing the information encourages its retention in longer-term memory. Health promotion and disease prevention programs typically draw from one or more theories … In Table 1, a special emphasis is placed on the application of the theory in healthcare professional education. Test. Drawing heavily from gestalt psychology and developmental psychology, social constructivists take issue with some of the highly rational assumptions of the information-processing view and build on the work of John Dewey, Jean Piaget, and Lev Vygotsky (, According to this view, the players in any healthcare setting may have differing perspectives on external reality, including distorted perceptions and interpretations. Learning Theories. While including the fundamentals of learning theories and teaching methods, Health Profes- sional as Educatoralso focuses on critical issues such as readiness to learn, learning styles, health literacy, and teaching people with disabilities, all based on the latest research and theoretical underpinnings. a relatively permanent change in mental processing, emotional functioning, and behaviour as a result of experience . Learning Theories (Bigge & Shermis, 1992; higard and bower, 1996; Hill, 1990) is a coherent framework and set of integrated. Another widely recognized approach to learning is. Which Kinds of Experiences Facilitate or Hinder the Learning Process? The impact of culture cannot be ignored, and learning is facilitated by sharing beliefs, by acknowledging and challenging differing conceptions, and by negotiating new levels of conceptual understanding (, Rooted in social psychology, the social cognition perspective reflects a constructivist orientation and highlights the influence of social factors on perception, thought, and motivation. The chapter is organized as follows. Whether dealing with animals or people, the learning process is relatively simple. More important are learners’ goals and expectations, which create disequilibrium, imbalance, and tension that motivate learners to act. Second, the theory’s emphasis on extrinsic rewards and external incentives reinforces and promotes materialism rather than self-initiative, a love of learning, and intrinsic satisfaction. Mental rehearsal, immediate enactment, and corrective feedback strengthen the reproduction of behavior. To decrease or extinguish the probability of a response: Nonreinforcement: an organism’s conditioned response is not followed by any kind of reinforcement (positive, negative, or punishment), Punishment: following a response, an aversive stimulus that the organism cannot escape or avoid is applied, Applying Learning Theories to Healthcare Practice, extrinsic (augmented or enhanced) feedback, After completing this chapter, the reader will be able to. Fortunately, a body of theory exists that can inform practice. 27 Within the humanistic learning theories, … This section summarizes the basic principles and related concepts of the behaviorist, cognitive, social learning, psychodynamic, and humanistic learning theories. Learn. A widely used descriptive model has been provided by Robert, Inform the learner of the objectives and expectations (expectancy), Stimulate the learner’s recall of prior learning (retrieval), Present information (selective perception), Provide guidance to facilitate the learner’s understanding (semantic encoding), Have the learner demonstrate the information or skill (responding), Give feedback to the learner (reinforcement), Assess the learner’s performance (retrieval), Work to enhance retention and transfer through application and varied practice (generalization). It is argued in this chapter that emotions and feelings also need explicit focus in relation to learning in general (Goleman, 1995) and to health care … The use of reinforcement is central to the success of operant conditioning procedures. What Helps Ensure That Learning Becomes Relatively Permanent? There are, however, some criticisms and cautions to consider when relying on this theory. 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