The aqueous and occasionally alcohol infusion of the fresh or dried leaves or root of the Ajuga integrifolia are traditionally used for treating DM [13]. Group 1 (negative control) was treated with 10 ml/kg DW; the 9 experimental groups received solvent fraction of the root extract of the plant (groups 2, 3, and 4 received three different doses of aqueous fraction of the root extract of the plant; groups 5, 6, and 7 received three different doses of n-hexane fraction of the root extract of the plant; and groups 8, 9, and 10 received three different doses of chloroform fraction of the root extract of the plant). Then, blockage of KATP results in the influx of Ca2+ to cells which, in turn, cause depolarization in the cytosol with subsequent insulin secretion [39]. Weight loss of the mice is often associated to STZ and hyperglycaemic complication [22]. Therefore, the presence of biologically active phytochemicals may impart the blood glucose lowering effect to Ajuga integrifolia because these biologically active phytochemicals are known to lower blood glucose [13, 18, 42]. An easy way to keep ajuga bugleweed in check is to surround your garden beds with it. This safety profile is consistent with a report by Tafese et al. Swiss albino male mice which were healthy weighed 20–30 g and aged 8–12 weeks were used in the study, and healthy female mice having similar weight and age to males were used for the acute oral toxicity study. It is not scientifically validated for its antidiabetic activity previously. Development of DM involves different pathogenic processes, and these range from autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β-cells that result in absolute insulin deficiency to abnormalities that result in insulin resistance. Tenen les fulles oposades de 5 - 50 centímetres de llargària i les flors presenten un color blavós cendra. A large number of compounds have already been isolated from A. remota , including ergosterol-5,8-endoperoxide ( 6 ), ajugarin-I ( 1 ), 8- O -acetylharpagide ( 5 ) and several phytoecdysteroids. Likewise, a significant reduction in fasting BGL was not noticed in all AIRE received groups compared to the GLC-treated groups at all time points. According to the results of the first mouse, another four female mice were recruited and fasted for 4 hours and then given a single dose of 2 g/kg and was observed rigorously in the same manner. When GLC-treated groups were compared with the different extract dose treated groups, there was a significant reduction in the GLC-treated group () compared to 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg AIRE, compared to 100 mg/kg AIRE at the 7th day and 14th day, and compared to diabetic control (Table 4). Ajuga integrifolia là một loài thá»±c vật có hoa trong họ Hoa môi. For fractionation, 100 g of methanol crude extract was suspended in a separatory funnel with 400 ml of distilled water. Katalog rostlin s vyhledáváním jednotlivých druhů. After overnight fasting, mice were divided into eleven groups (n = 6) at random: group 1 serving as the diabetic control group receiving 10 ml/kg DW, group 2 receiving aqueous fraction 100 mg/kg of AIRE, group 3 receiving aqueous fraction 200 mg/kg of AIRE, group 4 receiving aqueous fraction 400 mg/kg of AIRE, group 5 receiving hexane fraction 100 mg/kg of AIRE, group 6 receiving hexane fraction 200 mg/kg of AIRE, group 7 receiving hexane fraction 400 mg/kg of AIRE, group 8 receiving chloroform fraction 100 mg/kg of AIRE, group 9 receiving chloroform fraction 200 mg/kg of AIRE, group 10 receiving chloroform fraction 400 mg/kg of AIRE, and group 11 receiving GLC 5 mg/kg, and BGL of every mouse was determined at 0 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr, 6 hr, and 8 hr of AIRE fractions administration. Para su información, una sinonimia no es más que otro nombre científico para un mismo taxón. No obstante sólo debe usarse el nombre científico aceptado, quedando dichas sinonimias como referencias a textos antiguos, no actualizados o bases de conocimiento. 2020, Article ID 6642588, 11 pages, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6642588, 1Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Moreover, there was a statistically significant () and () reduction of BGL in the GLC-treated group at 7th day and 14th day, respectively, compared to baseline values with around 61.30% and 64.10% reduction, respectively. In Ethiopia, one of the vernacular name of A. remota is Armagusa (oromiffa), the name given by the community that uses this plant for the management of diarrhea [ 5 ]. Mice were screened for diabetes after 3 days of STZ injection, and fasting BGL > 200 mg/dl was included in the study as diabetic mice [25, 26]. It causes pancreatic β-cell destruction via DNA alkylation and strand breakage, thereby causing diabetes mellitus [36, 37]. Comparison within the group showed that the GLC-treated group increased bodyweight only slightly on the 14th day of treatment. Then, group 1 used as diabetic control received 10 ml/kg DW; groups 2, 3, and 4 used as diabetic test groups received three doses of aqueous fraction (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, respectively); group 5 diabetic positive control was treated with 5 mg/kg GLC, and group 6 normal control was treated with 10 ml/kg DW once daily for 14 days. Because ajuga naturalizes easily, spreading by stolons, or horizontal stems that creep along the ground, you'll want to think about where you plant it. Traditional healers and the community have used the roots of Ajuga integrifolia for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Between and within group analysis were performed to notice difference in BGL throughout various groups and time points, respectively (Table 3). Next, mice were given DW, root crude extract of the plant, and GLC according to grouping stated above. Oral glucose tolerance test of crude root extract of. The activity of single doses of three fractions of AIRE on hyperglycemia in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Entry From. Copyright © 2020 Molalegn Alene et al. canescens es una sinonimia del nombre aceptado como Ajuga integrifolia. Alternatively, a slow-release low-nitrogen fertilizer can be used. No toxicity incidences have been reported related to Ajuga integrifolia in particular and the genus Ajuga in general so far [24, 33–35]. [2] Son naturales de Europa, Asia y África. Management of DM includes diet modification, exercise, weight loss, oral hypoglycemic agents, and insulin; however, none of them can treat the underlying cause of the disease nor can they cure the illness consequently [2, 3, 6]. Bodyweight loss of the diabetic control group was significant at 7th day and 14th day, with percentage decrement of 12% and 19.6% compared to the corresponding baseline bodyweight, respectively. Ajuga integrifolia Buch.-Ham. Avoid planting too close to flower beds, lawns, or … In the use of synthetic medicines for the treatment of various diseases, free radicals are often generated in the body which may result in an additional disease. We are committed to sharing findings related to COVID-19 as quickly as possible. Dose of 150 mg/kg of the freshly prepared solution was administered intraperitoneally to 16 hr fasted mice. Para su información, una sinonimia no es más que otro nombre científico para un mismo taxón. In addition, the roots of Ajuga integrifolia have larger amounts of chromium which may be correlated to its use as treatment for DM [18]. The annual worldwide health cost on diabetes is estimated to be United States Dollar (USD) 760 billion. The limitation of currently available drugs in terms of safety, efficacy, and cost warrants the development of new antidiabetic drugs from plant-derived compounds which are more efficacious, safer, and easily accessible [2, 5]. One-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparison test was used to analyze the data. Flora of Tropical Africa. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a cluster of metabolic diseases occurred as a result of insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, or both that result in hyperglycemia [1]. The activity of repeated daily doses of crude extract of AIRE on hyperglycemia in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Loài này được Buch.-Ham. Worldwide, more than 1000 plants have been known as efficacious in the treatment of DM. Significant reduction of fasting BGL was noticed following the repeated daily doses of AIRE after the 7th day and 14th day of treatment compared to both diabetic control and baseline. The doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg of crude root extract and solvent fractions were used on normoglycemic, oral glucose loaded, and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice models to determine their hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities. Ajuga integrifolia is an herb belonging to Lamiaceae family under genus Ajuga and is locally known as “Tut Astel” and “Akorarach” in Amharic and “Harmegusa” in Oromifa in various parts of Ethiopia [9–11]. The worldwide prevalence of DM is estimated to rise to 578 million in 2030. Blood glucose level (BGL) was measured by the i-QARE DSW Taiwan glucometer, and measurement was carried out in triplicates so that the average value could be taken. Mice fasted for about 16 hr were divided into 5 different groups (each group comprised of 6 mice) at random. Overnight fasted diabetic mice were arranged into 5 groups (each group comprised of 6 mice) at random. Compared to repeated daily doses at 7th day and 14th day, single dose 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg AIRE showed lesser reduction of fasting BGL at 6th hr and 8th hr supporting that the repeated daily doses of AIRE have better antidiabetic activity than the single dose. FOI pages are at Small-Flowered Bugleweed (Ajuga parviflora) & Bracted Bugleweed (Ajuga integrifolia) In my opiniion it should be Ajuga bracteosa . In comparison to the normal control, STZ caused a significant loss of bodyweight in the diabetic control at 7th day and 14th day of treatment. Box 272, Debre Tabor, Amhara, Ethiopia, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, https://www.diabetesatlas.org/upload/resources/2019/IDF_Atlas_9th_Edition_2019.pdf, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, N. Tiwari, A. K. Thakur, V. Kumar, A. Dey, and V. Kumar, “Therapeutic targets for diabetes mellitus: an update,”, ADA, “Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus,”, M. E. Okur, I. D. Karantas, and P. I. Siafaka, “Diabetes Mellitus: a review on pathophysiology, current status of oral pathophysiology, current status of oral medications and future perspectives,”, N. M. Piero, N. J. Murugi, K. C. Mwiti, and M. P. Mwenda, “Pharmacological management of diabetes mellitus,”, R. J. Marles and N. R. Farnsworth, “Antidiabetic plants and their active constituents,”, A. Meresa, W. Gemechu, H. Basha et al., “Herbal medicines for the management of diabetic mellitus in Ethiopia and Eretria including their phytochemical constituents,”. Fasting BGL was significantly reduced in the group that received GLC () at 7th day and () at 14th day with percentage reduction of about 60.80% and 65% at the 7th day and 14th day of treatment, respectively, compared to the baseline values. Each mouse’s BGL was measured prior to treatment (at 0 minute) as baseline, and then, at 1/2 hr, 1 hr, and 2 hr after glucose administration [24, 27, 28]. Ajuga parviflora, the plant depicted at FOI website and the plant uploaded here is densely villous plant with much smaller leaves, scarcely exceeding 4 cm, much smaller flowers usually smaller than 8 mm in length.There are no specially coloured floral leaves, the floral clusters occurring in axils of normal leaves, corolla tube slightly longer than calyx, stamens or mostly included. These findings are almost similar to the antidiabetic activity study reports by Belayneh and Birru [23]. All the authors approved the submitted version of the manuscript. Next, group 1 received 10 ml/kg DW; groups 2, 3, and 4 were treated with hydromethanolic root extract of the plant of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg, respectively, whereas group 5 received 5 mg/kg GLC. According to between groups analysis, it was observed that 100 mg/kg AIRE did not improve bodyweight at the7th day and14th day of treatment compared to the diabetic control, but at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, AIRE improved significantly the bodyweight of the mice () at the 7th day and () at the 14th day of treatment compared to the diabetic control. Data analysis was performed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. Nevertheless, the present study recommends more in-depth molecular studies to determine the precise mechanism of Ajuga integrifolia to lower blood glucose. The mice were stayed in light and dark cycle (12 hours of each cycle) which is a standard condition for laboratory animals and permitted open access to standard pellet diet and water ad libitum. Ajuga integrifolia var. Effect of single dose AIRE on hyperglycemia in STZ-induced diabetic mice. pero también dos especies se encuentran en Australia.Tienen hojas opuestas de 5-50 cm. Ajuga remota is an erect rhizomatous pubescent herb that belongs to the genus Ajuga, found growing in the grasslands and other geographic parts of East Africa especially in Kenya and Ethiopia . Diabetes and its complications caused significant deaths which are estimated to be 4.2 million in 2019. on glucose handling in normal, glucose loaded and diabetic rodents,”, N. Z. Baquer, P. Kumar, A. Taha, R. Kale, S. Cowsik, and P. McLean, “Metabolic and molecular action of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and trace metals in experimental diabetic tissues,”, Y. M. Belayneh, Z. Birhanu, E. M. Birru, and G. Getenet, “Evaluation of in vivo antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic, and in vitro antioxidant activities of hydromethanolic root extract of Datura stramonium L.(Solanaceae),”, J. D. Clark, G. F. Gebhart, J. C. Gonder, M. E. Keeling, and D. F. Kohn, “The 1996 guide for the care and use of laboratory animals,”, S. Sen, R. Chakraborty, C. Sridhar, Y. S. Reddy, and B. This was validated after 72 hours of STZ injection with sustained hyperglycemia. Por favor haga click en el siguiente enlace para proceder de forma manual Ajuga integrifolia. When different doses of the hydromethanolic root crude extract, baseline value, and negative control group were compared to GLC, GLC reduced the fasting BGL significantly at 2nd hr, 4th hr, and 6th hr. Thus, the present study was performed to determine the antidiabetic activity of the root extract and solvent fraction of Ajuga integrifolia in mice. Compared to both the baseline and negative control values, the doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg chloroform and n-hexane fractions revealed no significant difference in BGL (Table 6). Then, each mouse’s BGL was determined at 1 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr, and 6 hr posttreatment [23, 24]. Mice were randomly divided into five groups (6 mice per group) in the normoglycemic, oral glucose loaded, and one dose treated diabetic mice models. Ajuga parviflora is a type of bugleweed that is found in places like Afghanistan, India, Pakistan, and the disputed Kashmir region. The prevalence of diabetes in this age group was expected to be increased by 143% in Africa from 2019 to 2045, which is higher than other parts of the world. First, STZ was dissolved in 0.1 M cold citrate buffer (pH = 4.5). This study was performed in accordance with the recommendation for the care and use of laboratory animals [28]. This member of the mint family spreads fast and can become invasive. Fumaria officinalis, comúnmente llamada palomilla o sangre de Cristo —entre otros muchos nombres—, es una especie de planta herbácea anual del género Fumaria en la … In general, a significant difference in BGL was not found when groups that received different doses of AIRE were compared with each other at all time points (Table 1). In Ethiopia, Ajuga integrifolia occurs in different regions including Amhara, Southern Nation, Nationalities and People (SNNP), Tigray, and Oromia [12]. Ajuga és un gènere d'unes 40 - 50 espècies d'angiospermes, caduques i perennes de la família lamiaceae. Phytochemicals of this plant are used to treat variety of illnesses, ranging from mild tooth ache to malaria and inflammatory diseases. Ajuga species can grow in either full sunlight or in the shade. Diabetes mellitus, being a major global health threat nowadays [29], is seeking for studies to discover new therapeutic agents from various origins. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1825. All fractions were put in an amber bottle and stored in a fridge till they were going to be used for the experiment. Ajuga integrifolia Buch. (14) • Antimalarial: Study evaluated in vivo activity of crude water extracts of Ajuga remota Benth against Plasmodium berghei in mice. The reduction of fasting BGL in the GLC-treated group was significant (), with a reduction of 24.19%, 37.8%, 48.4%, and 65.2% at the 2nd hr, 4th hr, 6th hr, and 8th hr compared to their baseline values. Subspecies aurea (fabaceae) in mice,”, T. B. Tafesse, A. Hymete, Y. Mekonnen, and M. Tadesse, “Antidiabetic activity and phytochemical screening of extracts of the leaves of Ajuga remota Benth on alloxan-induced diabetic mice,”, W. Tamiru, E. Engidawork, and K. Asres, “Evaluation of the effects of 80% methanolic leaf extract of Caylusea abyssinica (fresen.) Effect of repeated daily doses of aqueous fraction of AIR on bodyweight in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Entry for AJUGA bracteosa Wall. Ajuga integrifolia Buch.-Ham. For the maintenance of dry bedding for polyuric diabetic mice, bedding of the cages was changed every 24 hr after STZ injection. Significant increase in bodyweight was not noticed in mice treated with each of the three doses of aqueous fraction of AIRE at 7th day and 14th day of treatment compared to their baseline bodyweight in within group comparison (Table 8). Then, the suspension was shaken by adding 400 ml volume of n-hexane. Drugs and chemicals used in the study were streptozotocin (Sigma Aldrich, Germany), methanol absolute (Nice Chemical, India), glibenclamide (Julphar pharmaceutical, Ethiopia), trisodium citrate dehydrate (Blulux Laboratories, India), citric acid monohydrate (Lab Tech chemical, India), 40% glucose solution (Reyoung Pharmaceutical, China), sterilized water for injections (Nirman Ltd., India), and distilled water, whereas the instruments used in this study were analytical balance, pH meter, glucometer and test strips (Alliance international, Taiwan), beakers, Whatman filter paper No.1, funnels, glass rod, measuring cylinder, vacuum pump, spatula, pipettes, gavage (oral feeding syringe), animal cages, insulin syringe with needle, oven, and desiccators. Ajuga Integrifolia, Traditional Medicine for Malaria and Other Diseases Artemisia Aanua treats Parasitic Diseases better than Pharmaceutical Drugs 11 Health Benefits of Moringa Oleifera The chloroform and n-hexane fractions did not demonstrate a noticeable antihyperglycemic activity. Hypoglycemic activity of AIR crude extract in normoglycemic mice. No obstante sólo debe usarse el nombre científico aceptado, quedando dichas sinonimias como referencias a textos antiguos, no actualizados o bases de conocimiento. Thus, the median lethal dose (LD50) of the AIRE can be considered as more than 2000 mg/kg. The mice used for the study were acquired from the Ethiopian Public Health Institute. They grow to 5–50 cm tall, with opposite leaves. GLC showed the antihyperglycemic effect in diabetic mice, and literature acknowledged that GLC exerts its effect by selectively blocking the ATP sensitive K+ channels (KATP) in the β-cells of the pancreas. Acclimatization of the mice to the laboratory conditions was performed for 1 week prior to the start of the experiment. The crude extract and solvent fractions’ effect on bodyweight was also evaluated on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. [1] Comprende 188 especies descritas y de estas, solo 70 aceptadas. The loss of bodyweight in STZ-induced diabetic mice was significantly improved by GLC () at the 14th day of treatment compared to the diabetic control. Zajímavosti ze světa rostlin. The AIRE 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg reduced fasting BGL significantly at the 7th day and 14th day compared to the baseline value. It is not scientifically validated for its antidiabetic activity previously. The projected number of people aged 20–79 years with diabetes was 463 million worldwide in 2019. In the present study, adequate data were generated that uphold the claimed antihyperglycemic activity of the medicinal plant Ajuga integrifolia in the community. It is usually used to detect persons at risk of prediabetes and diabetes [39, 40]. In comparison to the diabetic control, GLC significantly improved the bodyweight loss of STZ-induced diabetic mice at 7th day and 14th day of treatment (Table 5). In this study, there was blood glucose lowering brought about by GLC-induced secretion of insulin from pancreatic β-cells; this indicates that a single dose of STZ at 150 mg/kg could not cause absolute destruction of β-cells. Ajuga integrifolia roots’ crude extract and solvent fractions were prepared. [family LABIATAE] Herbarium. When within group analysis was performed, the difference in reduction of fasting BGL was not significant at all time points compared to both the diabetic control and the respective baseline values of all fractions. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the hypoglycemic and antidiabetic activity of Ajuga integrifolia. The leaves of the ajuga hold close together, which keeps them nice and short. They should be spaced 15 to 30 cm apart in the spring or autumn. Compared to the negative control, 100 mg/kg AIRE did not result in a significant () reduction of hyperglycemia at all time point except at the 2nd hr (120 minutes), whereas hyperglycemia was reduced significantly by GLC at the1st () and 2nd () hours. It reduced fasting BGL considerably at these time points compared to the diabetic control as well. : from ethnopharmacology to phytomedical perspective in the treatment of malaria,”, J. El Hilaly and B. Lyoussi, “Hypoglycaemic effect of the lyophilised aqueous extract of Ajuga iva in normal and streptozotocin diabetic rats,”, W. Hailu and E. Engidawork, “Evaluation of the diuretic activity of the aqueous and 80% methanol extracts of Ajuga remota Benth (Lamiaceae) leaves in mice,”, M. Radenković, M. Stojanović, and M. Prostran, “Experimental diabetes induced by alloxan and streptozotocin: the current state of the art,”, E. U. Etuk, “Animals models for studying diabetes mellitus,”, D. A. Rees and J. C. Alcolado, “Animal models of diabetes mellitus,”, L. A. Hilakivi-Clarke, K. M. Wozniak, M. J. Durcan, and M. Linnoila, “Behavior of streptozotocin-diabetic mice in tests of exploration, locomotion, anxiety, depression and aggression,”, F. R. Malaisse-Lagae and W. J. Malaisse, “Stimulus-secretion coupling of glucose-induced insulin release. After ½ hr of STZ administration, food and water were permitted freely to the mice. Between groups analysis revealed that aqueous fraction of Ajuga integrifolia at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed virtually significant () reduction in BGL by decreasing with 16.8% and 21.10% at the 8th hr compared to hexane and chloroform fractions of the same dose. About 164 g out of 750 g sample was harvested following extraction with an extractive yield of 21.9%. Besides, in all groups including the negative control, there was a significant reduction in BGL at 60 and 120 minutes when compared to the respective BGL at 30 minutes after glucose administration. As far as the major finding of this investigation is concerned, Ajuga integrifolia root extract has antihyperglycemic activities. It was evident that the BGL of mice reached its climax after 30 minutes of administration, and then, it decreased mildly at 60 minutes and reduced nearly to the normal level after 2 hours of glucose administration. The doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg AIRE reduced fasting BGL with a magnitude of 16.10%, 21.6%, and 26.4% after 7th day of treatment and 18.5%, 24.6%, and 28.8% after 14th day of treatment compared to the respective baseline BGL. The elevation of blood glucose in this pattern and its reduction at these times is consistent with the one reported by Belayneh and Birru [23]. Rezervace, chráněná území a jiné významné botanické lokality. It has dark green oval leaves and makes a good, colourful groundcover According to the limit test of OECD No. It was screened phytochemically and reported that terpenoides, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, phenols, and saponins were most commonly isolated biologically active principles responsible for its medicinal properties [13]. Ajuga Parviflora. & Mey. Fresh root of Ajuga integrifolia was collected from Gondar town in North Gondar, North Ethiopia. [41]. The botanical identification and authentication of the plant material was performed by a botanist, and voucher specimens (MA001/2019) were deposited in Herbarium of Biology Department, Faculty of Natural and Computational Science, University of Gondar. A. Martínez, “Reactive species and diabetes: counteracting oxidative stress to improve health,”, R. P. Robertson, “Chronic oxidative stress as a central mechanism for glucose toxicity in pancreatic islet beta cells in diabetes,”, D. L. Keshebo, A. P. Washe, and F. Alemu, “Determination of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from selected medicinal plants,”, A. Pala, M. Jadona, Y. K. Katarea et al., “Ajuga bracteosa wall: a review on its ethnopharmacological and phytochemical studies,”, M. C. Deeds, J. M. Anderson, A. S. Armstrong et al., “Single dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes: considerations for study design in islet transplantation models,”, P. Vital, E. Larrieta, and M. Hiriart, “Sexual dimorphism in insulin sensitivity and susceptibility to develop diabetes in rats,”, B. L. Furman, “Streptozotocin-induced diabetic models in mice and rats,”, Y. M. Belayneh and E. M. Birru, “Antidiabetic activities of hydromethanolic leaf extract of calpurnia aurea (ait.) Between groups analysis revealed that 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg AIRE significantly decreased hyperglycemia at the 2nd hr compared to the BGL at 30 minutes and the negative control group, whereas 5 mg/kg GLC showed a significant reduction of hyperglycemia at 1st hr and 2nd hr of glucose administration compared to the negative control group and 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg AIRE-treated groups. Antioxidants are known to prevent oxidative stress, thereby treating DM and its complications [14–16]. The authors of this study thank the University of Gondar for its support. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. It is similar in structure to glucose and hence competes with glucose for transport via pancreas beta cell membrane transporter GLUT-2 and is given for the laboratory animals in a fasting state to overcome competition by glucose for entry [21, 38]. A wet leaf extract was most effective with 90.4% suppression of parasitemia. is an accepted name This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Ajuga (family Lamiaceae). Molalegn Alene, Mohammedbrhan Abdelwuhab, Assefa Belay, Taklo Simeneh Yazie, "Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Ajuga integrifolia (Lamiaceae) Root Extract and Solvent Fractions in Mice", Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. Mice were treated with ethyl acetate extract of Ajuga bracteosa (Ab-EAE) (100, 200 300 & 400 mg/kg bw) for 30 days. Both taxonomists and users of taxonomies should benefit from this. Escrito por Micaela Pérez el 12 diciembre, 2012. fisch. A frost hardy, low growing plant that has a spreading habit - not unlike the strawberry - by sending out runners to make leafy mat out of which grow spikes of blue flowers in spring. Fasting BGL was reduced significantly at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg aqueous fraction of AIR at 7th day and 14th day compared to the 100 mg/kg treated group and the diabetic control (Table 7). The fasting BGL of the normal control groups, however, did not exhibit remarkable change throughout the study period. Significant reduction in BGL was observed in the GLC received group at 7th day and 14th day compared to the diabetic control, and also, BGL was reduced dramatically compared to 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg aqueous fraction at the 7th day and 14th day. Review articles are excluded from this waiver policy. One female Swiss albino mouse was fasted for 4 hours in the first day of the test. Overnight fasted STZ-induced diabetic mice and normal mice were grouped into 6 groups (5 groups of mice having diabetes and 1 group of normal mice, 6 mice in each group) at random. Overnight fasted STZ-induced diabetic mice were grouped into 6 groups (6 mice per groups) at random. Molalegn Alene conducted the actual study and statistical analysis. Reference Sources. GLC was used as a standard drug on basis of previous reports on earlier literatures [23, 24]. Learn more about Ajuga Nipponensis uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain Ajuga Nipponensis According to the result of the acute oral toxicity study, the lower, medium, and high doses of the plant extracts were determined. Between groups analysis showed no significant difference in baseline fasting BGL throughout groups. G. Chekole, “Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used against human ailments in Gubalafto District, Northern Ethiopia,”. Ham. It grows in tropical lowland areas (Indonesia) and also at elevations up to 1,600 metres (Philippines), whilst in Nepal it can be found up to 4,000 metres. In repeated daily doses treated diabetic mice, mice were randomly divided into six groups (5 groups of diabetic mice and 1 another group of normal mice, each group comprised of 6 mice). In the acute toxicity study of Ajuga integrifolia root extract (AIRE) at the limit dose of 2000 mg/kg, mortality of mice and any signs of toxicity (behavioral, neurological, autonomic, or physical changes) did not occur during the first day as well as throughout the course of the study. Following 30 minutes of after crude extracts, standard drugs, and DW administration, each mouse was fed with 2 g/kg solution of 40% glucose in a quantity of 1 ml/kg.