structure of nucleic acid slideshare

Nucleic Acids 1. The sugar in the DNAmolecule is deoxyribose and the one in RNA is ribose sugar. 2.6.U1 The nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides. THE NUCLEIC ACIDS MEENAKSHY SUDEEP 2. The structure of Nucleic acid.Both DNA and RNA are the polymers of nucleotides. 26.3 The Structure of Nucleic Acid Chains The nucleotides are connected in DNA and RNA by phosphate diester linkages between the –OH group on C3’ of the sugar ring of one nucleotide and the phosphate group on C5’ of the next nucleotide. nucleic acid contains millions of bases bonded to it. NUCLEIC ACIDS Microbiology - Microbiology - Protozoa: Protozoa, or protozoans, are single-celled, eukaryotic microorganisms. List functions of nucleotides. Introduction:
Frederic Miesher in 1869, isolated an acidic compound from the nuclear material of SALMON sperms, and named it as NUCLIEN which is now called NUCLEIC ACID.
Jones in 1920 proved the fact there are two types of nucleic acids, i.e., Deoxyribo nucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid … It is a nucleic acid and is one of the four major types of macromolecules that are known to be essential for all forms of life. Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life.They carry the genetic blueprint of a cell and carry instructions for the functioning of the cell. Still others have different shapes at different stages of the life cycle. DNA Structure. Nucleic acid structure is often divided into four different levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. Molecular beacons, or molecular beacon probes, are oligonucleotide hybridization probes that can report the presence of specific nucleic acids in homogenous solutions. Nucleic acids can be defined as organic molecules present in living cells. The B-form of DNA has a prominent major groove and a minor groove tracing the path of the helix (Figure 2.132). DNA and RNA can be represented as simple strings of letters, where each letter corresponds to a particular nucleotide, the monomeric component of the nucleic acid polymers. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. BIOLOGY CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS Fourth EditionNeil A. Campbell • Jane B. Reece • Lawrence G. Mitche… Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. They are. Since then, researchers have used a variety of in vitro and in vivo assays to demonstrate that proteins interact with DNA and RNA to influence the structure and function of the corresponding nucleic acid. 2.6.U1 The nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides. Pentose sugar. As we mentioned earlier, there are two major types of nucleic acids commonly found in living organisms. CHEM 7784 ; Biochemistry ; Professor Bensley; 2 CHAPTER 8.2 Nucleic Acid Structure Todays Objectives (To learn and understand the) Structure of double stranded DNA ; Structures of ribonucleic acids; 3 Central Dogma of Biology 4 Nucleotides and Nucleosides . NI. They are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus. There are two types of nucleic acid They are. Monomer of Nucleic Acids Nucleotides are the individual monomers of a nucleic acid. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Individual phosphate molecules repetitively connect the sugar-ring molecules in two adjacent nucleotide monomers, thereby connecting the nucleotide monomers of a nucleic acid end-to-end into a long ch… As such, there are several ways to discuss nucleic acid structure. Forces stabilizing nucleic acid structure: Sugar- phosphate chain confirmations: Sugar-phosphate back bone has 6 torsion angles and N-C1 glycosidic bond also exerts torsion in a nucleotide unit. The structure and function of a nucleic acid depends on the sequence in which its individual Ribonucleic acid RNA. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Title: Chapter 8.2: Nucleic Acid Structure 1 Chapter 8.2 Nucleic Acid Structure. List functions of nucleotides. Chapter 22. A single nucleotide is made up of three components: a nitrogen-containing base, a five-carbon sugar (pentose), and at least one phosphate group With all three joined, a nucleotide is also termed a “nucleoside phosphate”. Shortly after the discovery of X-ray diffraction by crystals the technique was used to investigate biological macromolecules, in particular proteins which could be crystallized and nucleic acids. Nucleic acids consist of a chain of linked units called nucleotides. SlideShare Explore Search You. The secondary structure is responsible for the shape that the nucleic acid assumes. Hydrogen bond binds two helices and the bases are bundled within the helix. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogen-containing aromatic base attached to a pentose (five-carbon) sugar, which is in turn attached to a phosphate group. Viroids (meaning “viruslike”) are disease-causing organisms that contain only nucleic acid and have no structural… In other words, the nucleotide bases serve as a sort of genetic alphabet on which the structure of each protein in our bodies is encoded. Illustrate structure of nucleotides. Table of Contents. You can change your ad preferences anytime. In nucleic acids the phosphate group forms only a phosphodiester. Nucleic acids 3. Search for released structures. Molecules come into and out of the nucleus through nuclear pores. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Nucleic Acid Chemistry Dr: Hussein abdelaziz. Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids Structures of Nucleic Acids DNA Replication RNA and Transcription 1 Nucleic acids were so named because they were first found in the nucleus of cells, but they have since been discovered also to exist outside the nucleus. antibiotics will inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, but will do no harm to human cells, 1. non-Watson-Crick pairing is called Hoogsteen pairing, after Karst Hoogsteen. Nucleic acids exhibit a diversity of structures and play many different roles in controlling gene expression. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Molecular beacons are hairpin-shaped molecules with an internally quenched fluorophore whose fluorescence is restored when they bind to a target nucleic acid sequence. Prof Eu Mitochondrial are smaller than cytoplasmic ribosomes. Nucleic Acid Functions ... Francis Crick and Rosalind Franklin accurately described the structure of DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid. Nucleic Acids- Nucleosides and Nucleotides. A lecture presentation of Nucleic acids based on BSCS Blue and Campbell Biology. DNA and RNA can be represented as simple strings of letters, where each letter corresponds to a particular nucleotide, the monomeric component of … 1. 1- Nucleotides Phosphate Sugar Base. • Nucleic acid consists of ----- Sugar (5 Carbon) Nitrogenous base Phosphate group Nitrogenous bases includes --- Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine (DNA) Uracil (RNA) NUCLEOSIDE = Sugar + Nitrogenous base NUCLEOTIDE = Sugar + Nitrogenous base + Phosphate group 4. Nucleic acids are polynucleotides—that is, long chainlike molecules composed of a series of nearly identical building blocks called nucleotides. Coronaviruses cause a variety of diseases in animals ranging from cows, pigs to chicken, and other birds. deoxyribose nucleic acid. Last Updated on January 12, 2020 by Sagar Aryal. In 1953, Watson and Crick described the structure of DNA. DNA, in humans and most organisms, is the genetic material and represents a collection of instructions (genes) for making the organism. Primary Structure of Nucleic Acids Nucleotides are joined together through the phosphate group of one nucleotide connecting in an ester linkage to the OH group on the third carbon atom of the sugar unit of a second nucleotide. Learning Objective: Describe the basic structure of nucleic acids and compare & contrast the structure of DNA and RNA. Moreover, as their model showed, the two chains are twisted to form a double helix—a structure that can be compared to a spiral staircase, with the phosphate and sugar groups (the backbone of the nucleic acid polymer) representing the outside edges of the staircase. describes the structure of DNA and RNA with diagrams, along its function and its differences. Hydrogen bonds between the base pairs hold a nucleic acid duplex together, with two hydrogen bonds per A-T pair (or per A-U pair in RNA) and three hydrogen bonds per G-C pair. Ribose sugar introduction to nucleic acids DNA and RNA with diagrams, along its function and activity... Shape that the nucleic acids form their biologically active states are stabilized by non-covalent intramolecular interactions between bases i.e.... Discussed: virus: Definition: …forms a shell ( called a Capsid ) around the nucleic acids consist a! Sugar phosphate backbone and ; phosphate group is responsible for the information carried in eukaryotes! Campbell • Jane B. Reece • Lawrence G. Mitche… nucleic acid assumes this is typically a carbon., Nitrogen and phosphorus are both nucleic acids nucleotides are the polymers of nucleotides these are deoxyribonucleic acid ( )... The material was renamed nucleic acid Stability: there have been rapid advances in structural biology and structure... Sequence 5 ’ end 5 ’ end 5 ’ end 5 ’ 3 ’ Phosphodiester DR.N.SIVARANJANI. Like links in a piece of DNA Dr. N. Sivaranjani, MD Asst how nucleic acids, which makes the... And in the appropriate conformation up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, Nitrogen bases and phosphate! Is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later strands are bound each. States are stabilized by non-covalent intramolecular interactions between the bases three components: 5-carbon... 'S one of two basic types of nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of.... To each other biologically active states and how these active states and how these states! With DNA strands or DNA the close relationship between the structure of DNA is found the. The nucleus is called the nucleoplasm which are the individual monomers of a chain of units! Take on many shapes the club-like spikes projecting out from their surface gave them the name of pentose! 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