For the only time in the religion’s history, horse meat was banned, partially to differentiate between the converted Germanic people and those still practicing the old ways, but also because the threat of Arab forces in the East, who used horses effectively in their warfare, could only be defeated on horseback. Check out 9 countries that actually enjoy eating horsemeat: Part of HuffPost Business. (Lamb, veal, turkey and game are remote runners-up.) Horse meat was roasted on cavalry breastplates in the middle of a devastated battlefield. [citation needed] Remains of euthanized animals can be rendered, which maintains the value of the skin, bones, fats, etc., for such purposes as fish food. Some of the dishes include sausages called kazy and chuchuk or shuzhyk made from the meat using the guts as the sausage skin, zhaya made from hip meat, which is smoked and boiled, jal (or zhal) made from neck fat which is smoked and boiled, karta made from a section of the rectum that is smoked and boiled, and sur-et which is kept as dried meat. A 1965 article in … Americans are never going to eat as much horse as they do veal, which accounts for less than 1% … [56] Horse meat exports peaked at 9,327 tons 1986, declining to 3,000 tons in 2003. * Add your voice. [41][4] The people of Iceland allegedly expressed reluctance to embrace Christianity for some time, largely over the issue of giving up horse meat. These particular sausages are traditional food of the Crimean Tatar population. a barbiturate) is insignificant after rendering. Horse meat gained widespread acceptance in French cuisine during the later years of the Second French Empire. In Ukraine, especially in Crimea and other southern steppe regions, horse meat is consumed in the form of sausages called mahan and sudzhuk. Shushan stressed that there is a high Tunisian demand on donkey and horse meat, from all the Tunisian Republic's governorates, and even from … These horses also have a subdermal layer of fat to keep them warm and when the air is cold the horses are able to alter their rate of respiration. Despite the general Anglophone taboo, horse and donkey meat was eaten in Britain, especially in Yorkshire, until the 1930s,[14] and, in times of postwar food shortages, surged in popularity in the United States[15] and was considered for use as hospital food. The most convincing of these is: ‘mind your own business’. These horses were taught to eat meat and animal fat so that when there was no grass to graze on they would still have food to sustain them. [125][126][127][128][129][130], As of 2005, Mexico was the second-largest producer of horse meat in the world. Although no taboo comparable to that in the English-speaking world exists, German law used to proscribe that horse meat be sold only by specialized butchers (Pferdemetzgereien). [103] Gustafskorv, similar to salami or metworst, may substitute for those meats in sandwiches. [55], Australians do not generally eat horse meat, although they have a horse slaughter industry that exports to EU countries. ♞ One explanation for discouraging the consumption of this meat is that horses are used regularly in the military in Muslim countries, but because such use is declining in modern society, many feel that eating it should not be forbidden. As Turkey has a large Muslim population, pork is not used. Horse meat is widely available and consumed in Switzerland, where no taboo exists regarding it. Even non-religious people have some habits of it. The horses formerly maintained by the aristocracy as a sign of prestige ended up being used to alleviate the hunger of the masses. A 1965 article in the Harvard Crimson describes a … [47] The Uffington White Horse is probable evidence of ancient horse worship. In 2005, the eight principal horse meat-producing countries produced over 700,000 tonnes of this product. A common practice is to serve horse meat to anemic children. The meat was presented as having a similar taste to beef, but with less fat, a high concentration of omega-3 fatty acids, and as a safer alternative in times of worry regarding bird flu and mad cow disease. [118], Horse meat is generally not eaten in the United States, and is banned in many states across the country. It can be served raw as sashimi in thin slices dipped in soy sauce, often with ginger and onions added. In the Rhineland around Cologne and Düsseldorf, restaurants often offer the traditional Sauerbraten in horse meat, typically with a beef variant to choose from. California Proposition 6 (1998) was passed by state voters, outlawing the possession, transfer, reception, or holding any horse, pony, burro, or mule by a person who is aware that it will be used for human consumption, and making the slaughter of horses or the sale of horsemeat for human consumption a misdemeanor offense.[121]. Like any other birds, wild turkeys also fancy eating, residing and breeding in empty and wide spaces. [29], A misconception exists that horses are commonly slaughtered for pet food. This is commonly done for lab specimens (e.g., pigs) euthanized by injection. Tap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to you. [50], The killing of horses for human consumption is widely opposed in countries such as the U.S.,[51][17] UK[52][failed verification] and Australia. [32] In Europe, however, the same preparation is not considered to have any such effect, and edibility of the horse meat is not affected. [114] Horse meat is also for sale at the other end of the country, in Granville Island Market in downtown Vancouver, where according to a Time reviewer who smuggled it into the United States, it turned out to be a "sweet, rich, superlean, oddly soft meat, closer to beef than venison". In Chile, it is used in charqui. In countries with a less industrialized food-production system, horses and other animals are slaughtered individually outdoors as needed, in or near the village where they will be consumed. [45] In other parts of the world, horse meat has the stigma of being something poor people eat and is seen as a cheap substitute for other meats, such as pork and beef. [28] Even prestigious horses may end up in the slaughterhouse; the 1986 Kentucky Derby winner and 1987 Eclipse Award for Horse of the Year winner, Ferdinand, is believed to have been slaughtered in Japan, probably for pet food. In 1757, the ban was decriminalised, but general distaste for horse meat lasted well into the 19th century, possibly longer, and its consumption often regarded as an indication of poverty. [107], Horse meat may be eaten without the knowledge of the consumer, due to accidental or fraudulent introduction of horse meat into human food. It is generally less expensive than beef and somewhat associated with lower social strata. We made it easy for you to exercise your right to vote! Horse meat is also used for a range of sausages in the German-speaking north of Switzerland. Some horses might steal a bit of your hot dog and that probably won’t do them any harm. The laws on foodstuffs of animal origin in Switzerland explicitly list equines as an animal type allowed for the production of food. [110], Horse meat was featured in a segment of a 2007 episode of the Gordon Ramsay series The F Word. Chefs and consumers tend to prize its uniqueness by serving it as rare as possible. Horse meat is usually very lean. In some countries, the effects of this prohibition by the Roman Catholic Church have lingered, and horse meat prejudices have progressed from taboos to avoidance to abhorrence. Horse meat is used in a variety of recipes: as a stew called pastissada (typical of Verona), served as steaks, as carpaccio, or made into bresaola. Turkish people, whenever they can, start their day with a huge breakfast. [10] During the Napoleonic campaigns, the surgeon-in-chief of Napoleon's Grand Army, Baron Dominique-Jean Larrey, advised the starving troops to eat the meat of horses. In the segment, Janet Street-Porter convinced locals to try horse meat, though not before facing controversy and being forced to move her stand to a privately owned location. Surprisingly, slaughtering horses for human consumption is legal in the U.S., according to a recent report from NBC News. A horse’s liver isn’t designed to flush out the residues of meat protein. Ikea meatballs (nooooooooo!) [3] Horse meat was also eaten as part of Germanic pagan religious ceremonies in Northern Europe, particularly ceremonies associated with the worship of Odin.[4]. The Other Red Meat", "A Sure Thing for Kazakhs: Horses Will Provide", "NFU Countryside Online: Passports for Ponies", "Horsemeat in France - (June 2006), Librairie des Haras nationaux", "No American Horse Steak for You, Europeans", "Racetrack Drugs Put Europe Off U.S. Horse Meat in Sweden (Gustafskorv)", "RS 817.022.108 Ordonnance du DFI du 16 décembre 2016 sur les denrées alimentaires d'origine animale (ODAIAn) (Ordinance of 23 November 2005 on food of animal origin)", "BBC Radio 4 - Factual - Food Programme - 11 April 2004", "WW2 People's War - Horsemeat, A Wedding Treat", "[ARCHIVED CONTENT] Food Standards Agency - Labelling rules", "Findus beef lasagne contained up to 100% horsemeat, FSA says", https://www.huffpost.com/entry/is-horse-meat-legal-in-the-us_n_2966499, "Why you should eat horsemeat: It's delicious", "Migros bezieht kein Pferdefleisch mehr vom Produzenten Bouvry aus Kanada", "Toronto restaurateurs say horse meat a prime dining choice", "Horsemeat - Food Facts and History - Food Reference", "Criminal Law. Migros had "set itself the ambitious goal of bringing all suppliers abroad up to the strict Swiss standards by 2020. In addition, several other states introduced legislation to outlaw the practice over the years, such as Florida, Massachusetts, New Mexico, and New York. In 732 AD, Pope Gregory III began a concerted effort to stop the ritual consumption of horse meat in pagan practice. It’s a big animal and a little piece of meat should do no harm. [25] In 2010, Mexico produced 140,000 tonnes, China - 126,000 tonnes, Kazakhstan - 114,000 tonnes. Horse meat is served in some restaurants in Bulgaria, as the preferred way of consuming it is in the form of steaks and burgers. Each year, about 8,500 horses are retired from racing, many of which are slaughtered. [42] In a study conducted by Fred Simoons, the avoidance of horse meat in American culture is less likely due to lingering feelings from Gregory's prohibition, but instead due to an unfamiliarity with the meat compared to more mainstream offerings. ", "USDA Warns Pittsburgh Restaurant That Served Horse Meat", "Kibble Me This: The History of Dog Food", "Ken-L-Ration – Straight from the Horse's Heart", "THE UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF A BAN ON THE HUMANE SLAUGHTER (PROCESSING) OF HORSES IN THE UNITED STATES", "México consolida venta de carne de caballo al exterior (Mexico consolidates horse meat exportations)", "Carne de caballo, el negocio tabú que florece en la Argentina", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Horse_meat&oldid=994934915, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from March 2019, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January 2019, Articles with failed verification from January 2013, Articles that may contain original research from April 2015, All articles that may contain original research, Articles needing additional references from April 2015, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, Articles containing Sardinian-language text, Articles containing Maltese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 18 December 2020, at 08:48. Now is one of those times. Many regions of Germany have traditional recipes that include horse meat. The French Horse Butchers’ Association, of course, has taken up arms in opposition, marshaling arguments in support of the continued consumption of horsemeat. Turkish sucuk is usually made with ground beef, though some butchers add a bit of lamb for more flavor. The troops got a taste for it, and the practice continued. It is prepared by marinating the meat in lemon juice, soy sauce or fish sauce, then fried and served with vinegar for dipping. The eight countries which consume the most horse meat consume about 4.3 million horses a year. With the fall of the aristocracy, its auxiliaries had to find new means of subsistence. Larrey mentions in his memoirs how he fed the wounded after the (1809). Redman said that the government would "consider extending approvals should the public appetite for horse demand it". [58], On 30 June 2010, Western Australian Agriculture Minister Terry Redman granted final approval to Western Australia butcher Vince Garreffa to sell horse meat for human consumption. Until 2007, only three horse meat slaughterhouses still existed in the United States for export to foreign markets, but they were closed by court orders resulting from the upholding of aforementioned Illinois and Texas statutes banning horse slaughter and the sale of horse meat. [57] A British agriculture industry website reported that Australian horse meat production levels had risen to 24,000 tons by 2009. Horse meat is consumed in some North American and Latin American countries, but is illegal in some others. The meat … In Tonga, horsemeat or lo'i ho'osi is much more than just a delicacy; the consumption of horsemeat is generally only reserved for special occasions. [67] In this case, it is called basashi (馬刺し). Surprisingly, slaughtering horses for human consumption is legal in the U.S., according to a recent report from NBC News. It holds a taboo in American culture very similar to the one found in the United Kingdom. Horse meat is also sometimes found on menus for yakiniku (a type of barbecue), where it is called baniku (馬肉, literally "horse meat") or bagushi (馬串, "skewered horse"); thin slices of raw horse meat are sometimes served wrapped in a shiso leaf. [72], In Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, horse meat is a large part of the diet, due mainly to the nomadic roots of the population. Eating Horse Meat Is So Ivy League. Until the mid-1980s, horse steaks held a revered place on the menu of the Harvard Faculty Club. In 2013, the consumer protection show Kassensturz of Swiss television SRF reported the poor animal conditions at Bouvry Exports, a Canadian horse meat farm in Fort MacLeod, Alberta. At the federal level, since 2001, several bills have been regularly introduced in both the House and Senate to ban horse slaughter throughout the country without success. That said, no new slaughter houses have opened in this country since Congress lifted a ban on funding for the regulation of horsemeat … … A thriving horse meat business exists in Quebec; the meat is available in most supermarket chains there. Horses were slaughtered as a sacrifice to the gods, and the meat was eaten by the people taking part in the religious feasts. The most common way to eat horse meat is in a sausage form, especially in the "meetwursti" ("Mettwurst"); a cured and smoked sausage which often contains pig, cow and horse meat. Kumamoto, Nagano, and Ōita are famous for basashi, and it is common in the Tōhoku region, as well. Horse steaks can be found in most butchers and are used in a variety of preparations. Today, Turkish cuisine has an important place in … Jurisdictions that allow for the slaughter of horses for food rarely have age restrictions, so many are quite young, some even as young as 16 to 24 months old. It is popular among such historically nomadic peoples as the Tatars, Yakuts, Kyrgyzs, and Kazakhs.[44]. Most notable is the Festa del Cavallo, held annually in the small town of Legnaro and totally dedicated to horses, included their consumption for food. [73], Mongolian cuisine includes salted horse meat sausages called kazy are produced as a regional delicacy by the Kazakhs. [13] During the Siege of Paris (1870–1871), horse meat, along with the meat of donkeys and mules, was eaten by anyone who could afford it, partly because of a shortage of fresh meat in the blockaded city, and also because horses were eating grain that was needed by the human populace. Wild Turkey Food – What Do Wild Turkeys Eat. Henry Mayhew describes the difference in the acceptability and use of the horse carcass between London and Paris in London Labour and the London Poor (1851). But when you think about it, is horsemeat really that bizarre? IHDH did find that horses at the age of 6 months had lower value of moisture and protein. [84] No horses are bred for meat production and there are stringent laws against using meat from a horse that has been medicated or shot with antibiotics. American horse meat is considered a delicacy in Europe and Japan, and its cost is in line with veal,[30] so it would be prohibitively expensive in many countries for pet food. [citation needed], Carcasses of horses treated with some drugs are considered edible in some jurisdictions. In North Africa, horse meat has been occasionally consumed, but almost exclusively by the Christian Copts and the Hanafi Sunnis; it has never been eaten in the Maghreb.[40]. Still being far from a meat for mass consumption, horse meat is regaining its popularity, which it had in the '60s and '70s of the past century, when it was also consumed in sausages and tartare. Since the debacle in the UK and Europe over horse meat being labeled as beef, many discussions have been raised with my American friends about the morality of eating horse meat. [49] When the Nordic countries were Christianized, eating horse meat was regarded as a sign of paganism and prohibited. For example, the Food Standards Code of Australia and New Zealand definition of 'meat' does not include horse. To eat a horse was to show one had great wealth, and to sacrifice a horse to the gods was seen as the greatest gift one could give. The suggestion by guest columnist Carlisle Harrison ("Horse meat should be considered as food for the poor," Saturday, Dec. 5) that we should start butchering our beloved wild horses and Ex-racehorses, riding horses, and other horses sold at auction may also enter the food chain; sometimes, these animals have been stolen or purchased under false pretenses. [42] Horse meat is now currently consumed in Iceland, and many horses are raised for this purpose. In Veneto, the consumption of horse meat dates back to at least 1000 BC/BCE to the Adriatic Veneti, renowned for their horse-breeding skills. For other cultures around the world, eating this type of meat is seen as something people in the lower ranks of society do so it was frowned upon … However, since the 1990s, it can be found in supermarket butcher shops and others. Since the 1950s, the consumption of horse meat has gradually decreased in France. – all food you wouldn’t expect to have Black Beauty DNA in, but do. In the frugal, unsentimental manner of agricultural communities, all the animals were looked on as a source of protein. [111] A company called Cowley's Fine Foods has also launched a horse jerky range called My Brittle Pony. I bit down. Horse meat is also used in sausages (paardenworst and frikandel),[98] fried fast food snacks and ready-to-eat soups.[81][99]. French former actress and animal rights activist Brigitte Bardot has spent years crusading against the eating of horse meat. Despite a diaspora into Western countries such as Australia and New Zealand, where consumption of horsemeat is generally taboo, Tongans still practice the consumption of horse meat perhaps even more so because it is more readily available and more affordable. [116] Migros, the primary importer of horse meat into Switzerland, started working with Bouvry to improve their animal welfare, but in 2015 Migros cut ties with Bouvry because though improvements had been made, they hadn't improved sufficiently. Tonga has long lacked land area compared with its population, so the missionaries introduced horsemeat in lieu of cattle. Brill 1985. p 135-138, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Ascent and decline of monodactyl equids: a case for prehistoric overkill", "Geohistorical Variables in the Evolution of the Pehuenche Economic System During the Colonial Period", "Études Hygiéniques de la chair de cheval comme aliment (Hygienic studies of horseflesh as food)", "Horse Meat Consumption By New Yorkers Is Rising - Newark Dealer Reports 60% of Customers Are From City-Weinstein Will Not Prohibit Sale of the Flesh Here - Front Page - NYTimes.com", "NEAR-BY HOSPITALS DOWN TO MINIMUM OF MEAT SUPPLIES - Westchester Just Getting By, Monmouth is Using HighProtein SubstitutesHENKEL SCORES TRUMAN Says Restaurants Can't Sell 'Patience' Any More-3 Seek to Deal in Horse Flesh Here - Front Page - NYTimes.com", "6 descriptions of what horse meat actually tastes like", "Slaughtering Age Effect on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Italian Heavy Draught Horse Foals", "Nutrition Facts and Analysis for Game meat, horse, raw", "Nutrition Facts and Analysis for Beef, grass-fed, strip steaks, lean only, raw", "How Nutritious Is Horse? 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